Learning the Ossetian language on your own for beginners. Ossetian is easier to learn than Russian17.02.2017 (2023)

500,000 - at least as many people in the world speak Ossetianlanguage. Experts assure that this language is not easy to learn. However, if you set out to speak Ossetian, then, with a series of efforts, you can easily speak it.

You will need

- Dictionaries;
- tutorials;
- movies with subtitles;
- audio materials;
- native speaker;
- collection of stable expressions;
- books.

Instruction

The easiest way to learn Ossetian is to find a native speaker. You can do this by regular correspondence, via the Internet, Skype, ICQ, etc. The main advantage of such teachers is that they are also fluent in Russian. And this greatly simplifies the educational process, since you do not need to look for the translation of the words you are looking for in the dictionary - the carrier will translate them for you and explain in what situation they are used.

For self-study of the language, arm yourself with textbooks and methodological materials. You can look for them in the cultural centers of Ossetia, which are located in major cities of the country. In addition, such teaching aids should be in the city's central libraries. If your search was unsuccessful, then turn to the Internet. So, for example, on the site http://allingvo.ru you can pick up dictionaries, collections of template phrases and other educational literature in the language you need.

Also, audio recordings with songs, dialogues, etc. will help you in learning the Ossetian language. Films will be of great help.language-original with Russian subtitles. So you can memorize words not only by ear, but also using visual memory. In addition, you can easily see how phrases are built correctly in translation, what turns are used in a particular speech situation.

Do not be lazy to write out unfamiliar words in a separate notebook. Moreover, it is not worth being afraid that at first almost everyone will be unfamiliar. Be sure to select a transcription for these words and write down the translation options. Then start teaching. It's best to do this in batches. For example, choose 10 words and write each of them several times in each row on the entire page of the notebook. Speak each one.

When you feel that the level of language proficiency is high enough, start studying folk literature. Both ancient texts and modern literature are suitable for this purpose. So it will be much easier to learn stable speech turns.

note

When studying Ossetian, do not tune in to a quick result. And all because of the complexity of the adverb. Experts assure that in 4 months you can learn the language only at the household level.

How to learn the Ossetian language on your own?

This question interests many.

It seemed interesting to me to translate from Ossetian into Russian an excerpt from an article by Arbelyan Abaeva in the newspaper Rastdzinaed, where she talks about how Vyacheslav Ivanov learned Ossetian.

Vyacheslav graduated with honors from the Khetagurov SOGU with a degree in applied mathematics, then - postgraduate studies at the Department of Mathematical Linguistics of St. Petersburg University. Before that, there was the seventh language school in Vladikavkaz. Vyacheslav is fluent in English, French, Esperanto and... Ossetian.

The most interesting thing was to find out how he learned Ossetian, which, unfortunately, is not spoken by a large part of the population of the republic.

“I started studying Ossetian in the tenth grade. My neighbor Aunt Raya taught me - she worked all her life as a teacher of the Ossetian language in one of the schools in Vladikavkaz. Then our family moved to another part of the city. Nevertheless, I managed to memorize a few phrases, the structure of which I still did not understand, the names of many vegetables and fruits, I learned to read, and most importantly, I coped with specific sounds, the most difficult of which was the sound "хъ". It was then that I found an old edition of the Ossetian-Russian dictionary, which contained a brief grammatical outline of the Ossetian language, written by Vasily Ivanovich Abaev. This essay, of course, gave me a lot, but it was not enough to understand the syntax well - there were times when I understood the meaning of each word in a sentence, but the general meaning of the sentence still eluded me. Already studying at the university, I acquired Abaev's four-volume historical and etymological dictionary. Good coverage of rich phraseology and generous examples from a variety of sources helped me a lot. Soon I subscribed to the newspaper "Rastdzinad" and could read it practically without a dictionary. By the way, it is "Rastdzinad" that maintains the achieved level very well, because you look through the newspaper every day, and there is not always time and mood for more serious studies. I cannot fail to mention one more very important factor: at the Faculty of Mathematics of SOGU, many children from cities and villages where the Ossetian language remains the main means of communication studied with me: Kvaisa, Nogir, Khumalag, Tskhinval ... So I had a lot of myself no live conversational practice.

The "ease" or "complexity" of a language, in my opinion, is determined by two factors: the number of exceptions to the rules; the similarity of the concepts of the studied language, its grammatical categories with more familiar conceptsmother tongue. Of course, maybe it seemed to me, but when studying Ossetian, it does not leave a feeling of some kind of kinship of the language being studied - this is stated in a more scientific form in the works of V.I. Abaev on Scytho-European and Scytho-Slavic isoglosses. If we talk about the complexity of the Ossetian language at the everyday level, then this is one of the most difficult languages in the world. After all, in Vladikavkaz you can find educational literature on English, French, Spanish, Polish and many other languages, but there are still very few Ossetian self-taught books.

I wouldn't respect myself if I didn't take up the Ossetian - after all, I am a native Vladikavkaz, born and raised in Ossetia. In addition, the Ossetian language turned out to be especially interesting for me, and I did not leave it "halfway", as I often did with other languages. As for the fact that Ossetian "is not needed further than Elkhotovo" - I honestly admit that once I seriously thought about how much time I spent on Ossetian; I thought that maybe it was worth learning some commercially more profitable language all this time. However, chervonets are not the main stimulus in our life. Should not be, anyway. Therefore, I do not regret at all and I am even very proud that I succeeded to some extent. There is the concept of linguistic relativity - the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, which suggests that it is the language that affects the system of human ideas about the world. If the hypothesis is proven, then the old wisdom "how many languages a person knows, so many times he is a person" can get a scientific justification.

More than once or twice I had to answer questions about the Ossetian language that I was asked on the Internet. I remember that I corresponded for about six months with a young man from Belgium, whose name was Thierry de Thaye. He was very interested in Ossetian. I had to explain myself in a mixture of English and French - and this Belgian made impressive progress. He was burning with the idea of compiling an electronic textbook of the Ossetian language in English for the Internet.

You will need

- Dictionaries;
- tutorials;
- movies with subtitles;
- audio materials;
- native speaker;
- collection of stable expressions;
- books.

Instruction

Short possessive pronouns

In the second lesson we learned that dæ means "your".

I have my village; I love our village

my village is here; I love your village

yæ huæu his/her [yevo/yeyo] village; sæ huæu their village

In cases, possessive pronouns do not agree with the names (do not change): mæ хъæу, mæ хъæуы, mæ хъæмæ, mæ хъæуæй.

Short possessive pronouns do not have their own stress (the Ossetian language generally tends to group several words under one stress - “accent words” or “syntagms” appear). This is uninteresting, but important when looking for the second syllable with a weak vowel: birrin, but can behowl. However, it is better to put the emphasis in the wrong place than to make a long Russian s out of a barely noticeable Ossetian s. Just like with хъ, the tutvas may need a year or two. If possible, listen to the pronunciation of Ossetians, especially those born in rural areas. Copy even their "Ossetian accent" in Russian it helps a lot too.

By the way, about the countryside. Once I heard from sources within the walls of the North Ossetian State University that the “most correct” literary pronunciation among the inhabitants of the village. Zamankul. However, there will certainly be people who will dispute this statement. Okay, so be it consider the speech of the announcers of the Alania Television and Radio Company (Vladikavkaz) as the normative pronunciation. You can listen to them on the company's website and in our audio archive.

Well, now look again at the table of possessive pronouns and translate in one breath: your day, my stone, her mountain, our bull, your girlfriend / daughter, their forest, our market, my saw.

Plural

It's just an indicator -t-. In the nominative case: -tæ: dur durtæ, gal galtæ,school.

General table for cases known to us now:

It is convenient to remember the case endings for the plural along with the indicator -t-, because they will be (as can be seen from the table) the same for all words.

I remind you that Ossetian is part of the family of Indo-European languages, which means that tricks with alternations in the root, with all sorts of exceptions, etc. are inevitable. However, -tæ/-you/-tæm/-tæy at the end of the word in the plural will be mandatory (if it is not obvious why this should please, rememberEnglish. man men, mouse mice, etc.).

So,you just have to remember:

hoh хæхтæ (and stress, of course, on the second syllable)

don dættæ (butbon ถ bontæ, som ถ somtæ)

Nothing more "exceptional" we, like, have not yet passed. If we do, then the irregular plural form will be immediately given in brackets. For example: nom (næmttæ) name(s).

Until you gave up on the idea of learning Ossetian,I hasten to assure youthat there are not so many exceptions, and they themselves also have an internal logic, as proof of which I will cite the words of Academician V.I.

Names containing strong vowels o and a in the last syllable of the stem change them in the plural to a weak vowel æ. If at the same time the basis of the name ends in a smooth (r, l), nasal (n, m) or semivowel (th, y), then the plurality indicator t is doubled (don dættæ). Do not weaken in the plural of the vowel of the stem of the word,endinginto a vowel (syk'a syk'atæ horn). In two- and polysyllabic words that do not end in a vowel, the weakening rule is o, and in æ there are almost no exceptions (as an exception, you can give the word ævzar ævzartæ shoot). But in monosyllabic words there is dissonance (don dættæ, but bon bontæ).

So, mæ byrutæ my fences, næ hæhtæ our mountains, yæ galtæ your bulls, sæ khütæ their villages, yæ galty fyd the meat of your bulls (letters.your bulls meat).

About relatives

Mother is mad (madæltæ), father is fyd (fydæltæ).

;) Yes, of course, not only Russians have homonyms (garlic, which is eaten, andgarlic, from which they shoot, for example). As one great linguist said: “Homonyms are an unfortunate indistinguishability of what should be different.”

Sister — ḫo. Brother — æfsymær.

However, in this form, these words can only be found in the birth certificate. Like the British and the French, Ossetians have body parts and terms of kinshipNecessarilyused with a possessive pronoun (even if it is clear from the context whose they are).Mæ fyd, næ mad, dæ hoetc.

The word æfsymær is interesting because it begins with a weak vowel. Dæ + æfsymær always gives de fsymær (of course, with the transfer of stress according to all simple rules - see the second lesson). Me fsymær is one of the favorite addresses of a man to a man.

Relatives are different.

Termærvad (ærvadæltæ)often means a very distant, and even legendary relationship: for example, the Tabuevs and Chochievs are ærvadæltæ to each other (one can name several more surnames dating back to the same legendary ancestor: the MsoevsBzykovs/Bizikovs, the KaitukovsKhodovsKardanovs, the BelikovsGutnovs, etc.). d.). Among other consequences: a girl from a kindred family cannot be taken as a wife in the same way as one cannot be taken from one's own. Some exaggeration I would call the translation of the wordærvad (ærvadæltæ)as a “namesake” (Ossetian-Russian dictionary under the general editorship of A. M. Kasaev, M., 1952) - such a translation is accurate, if only the clan, “family” in the broadest sense is considered a “surname”.

There is a term for closer peoplehæstædjitæ æmæ hiontæ(literally "natives and friends").

My husband. The wife is a binoynag.

But these are strict narrowly used terms. Usually they say "my man" mæ læg and "my woman" mæ us. A married woman is a moijin mustache. Married women - moijyn ustytæ., kъ and g in h, ch and j, respectively, before the vowels s, i and e.

Try to say hello and introduce yourself in Ossetian. Make sure that you generally understand the formation of the plural. Only after that move on to the next lesson, where we will learn to distinguish between “this” and “that”, as well as “hang labels” (you are a student, he is my brother, etc.).

Special thanks to Dzarasova Zalina for help in compiling the fourth lesson.

About mismatch of kinship terms

The terms of kinship in different languages do not coincide. So the Ossetian terms ærvadæltæ or khæræfirt cannot be translated into Russian in one word, and the Russian word "grandson" cannot be translated into Ossetian in one word. Here is what an outstanding Russian linguist, specialist in the typological classification of languages, author of popular science works on linguistic diversity Vladimir Plungyan says about this:

„... The designations of the degrees of kinship (“names of kinship”) also depend to a large extent on the system of the structure of society. For example, brother and sister are words that are super familiar to us. It would seem, well, how else can you name a child of the same parents? But here, too, there is tremendous diversity. It turns out that you can choose between older and younger: the language may not have the word "brother", but only "elder brother" or "little brother". Moreover, you can not distinguish the sex of the child. So there are languages where you need to say not “sister” or “brother”, but “older / youngest child of the same parents”; but there are even more complex systems.

In fact, the world is infinitely diverse. And every language is a pretty crude snapshot of the world. We cannot express everything in language. The vocabulary of each language chooses something. And the choices that different languages make are very different in this sense, because each language is a very schematic copy of reality. It should be schematic so that we communicate with each other, can understand each other, and can operate with a relatively small set of words. But for this we must move from the world as it is to its simplified scheme...“ \\

FAQs

What language is spoken in Ossetia? ›

Ossetian (/ɒˈsɛtiən/, /ɒˈsiːʃən/, /oʊˈsiːʃən/), commonly referred to as Ossetic and rarely as Ossete (ирон ӕвзаг, irōn ӕvzag), is an Eastern Iranian language that is spoken predominantly in Ossetia, a region situated on both sides of the Greater Caucasus.

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What do Ossetians call themselves? ›

The Ossetes today call themselves “Ir” (adjectival form iron), and their country Iryston, which is etymologically identical with “Iran”: both mean “Land of the Aryans”. (“Ossetia” derives from the Georgian “Os-eti”, meaning “Land of the As”, the As being one of the Scythian tribes known from antiquity.)

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Where did the Ossetian language come from? ›

Ossetian is a descendent of the medieval Alanic language (spoken by the Iranian people known as Alans in late antiquity). It is the only surviving descendent of the ancient Eastern Iranian Scythian (سکایی) languages that are believed to have been in use in vast areas of Eastern Europe and Central Asia in ancient times.

How many people speak Ossetian? ›

The Ossetian language, sometimes also called Ossetic, is spoken by over half a million ethnic Ossetes, who live in two neighboring political entities in the central region of the Caucasus mountains.

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What do Ossetians look like? ›

They look like Turks and have high cheekbones and blade-like noses like their Scythian ancestors. Ossetians are also called Ossetes. The Ossetians have two autonomous regions: the South Ossetia Autonomous Region in Georgia and the Republic of North Ossetian in Russia. The regions are divided by the Caucasus mountains.

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What race are Ossetians? ›

Caucasian peoples

ancient Indo-European group is the Ossetes, or Ossetians, in the central Greater Caucasus; they are a remnant of the eastern Iranian nomads who roamed the south Western Steppe from the 7th century bce until the 4th century ce (when they were dispelled by the Huns) and who were successively known…

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Why are Ossetians Christians? ›

Prior to the 10th century, Ossetians were strictly pagan, though they were partially Christianized by Byzantine missionaries in the beginning of the 10th century. By the 13th, gradually most of the urban population of Ossetia became Eastern Orthodox Christian as a result of Georgian missionary work.

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How many Ossetians are there in the world? ›

They speak Ossetic, an Iranian language. Total worldwide population is estimated at about 700,000. In the 1920s, Ossetian lands were divided between Russia to the north and Georgia to the south, creating the boundaries of present day North and South Ossetia.

How are you in Ossetian? ›

Useful phrases in Ossetian

Phrase	ирон ӕвзаг (Ossetian)
How are you?	Куыд дӕ стут? (Kuyd dæ stut?) Куыд цæрут? (Kuyd cærut?)
Reply to 'How are you?'	Тынг дзӕбӕх. Сымах та? (Tyng dzæbæh. Synax ta?) Бузныг, хорз. Сымах та? (Buznyg, xorz. Synax ta?)
Long time no see
What's your name?	Дæ ном куыд у? (Dæ nom kuyd?)

58 more rows

Is Russian a Slavic or Germanic language? ›

Russian is an East Slavic language of the Indo-European family. All Indo-European languages are descendants of a single prehistoric language, reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European, spoken sometime in the Neolithic era.

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How old is Ossetia? ›

The Ossetians, who live in the Caucasus Mountains between the Russian and Georgian Republics, are the descendents of an ancient people, the Alans, who occupied this territory as early as the 5th century ad.

Is Ukrainian language Slavic? ›

Key to these peoples and cultures are the Slavic languages: Russian, Ukrainian, and Belorussian to the east; Polish, Czech, and Slovak to the west; and Slovenian, Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian, Macedonian, and Bulgarian to the south.

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What percentage of the world speaks Russian? ›

Russian boasts 155 million native speakers.

That's around 2.4% of the world's population, and it makes Russian the 8th most-spoken language in the world.

Where is Russian most spoken? ›

Russian speakers number roughly 138 million in Russia, followed in popularity by Ukraine (14.3 million), Belarus (6.9 million), Poland (6.9 million) and Kazakhstan (3.8 million).

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Are Ossetians Muslims? ›

The majority of Ossetians are Eastern Orthodox, although one group converted to Islam during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (estimated 15-30 per cent of Ossetians).

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What religion are North Ossetians? ›

Eastern Orthodox Christianity is the predominant religion, and Sunni Muslims make up a small but significant minority. Indigenous pre-Christian and pre-Islamic practices exist alongside these and other faiths, and elements of traditional beliefs have been integrated into North Ossetian religious life.

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What is the average height of Ossetians? ›

Ossetians are strong, good walkers in mountains, tall, with regular thorax, have good mental faculties and talent of speaking. Ossetians are quite slender people, firm and strong, usually of medium height: men are 5 feet 2-4 inches. Ossetians are not fat, but sinewy and wide, especially women.

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Why are there two Ossetians? ›

Ossetians enjoyed a brief period of unity in 1905 when they were grouped together in one national district; however, since then, like other groups in the Caucasus, they have been subjected to numerous border changes and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin divided them between the North Ossetian Autonomous Republic in the ...

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What religion is Russian Caucasus? ›

The peoples of the northern and southern Caucasus mostly are Shia Muslims, Sunni Muslims, Eastern Orthodox Christians or Armenian Christians.

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What race are Georgians? ›

The Georgians, or Kartvelians (/kɑːrtˈvɛliənz/; Georgian: ქართველები, romanized: kartvelebi, pronounced [kʰɑɾtʰvɛlɛbi]), are a nation and indigenous Caucasian ethnic group native to Georgia and the South Caucasus.

What is the three tears of God? ›

The "Three Tears of God" (Trislezi Boga), a symbol representing Assian theology and three most important Ossetian shrines, was first "perceived" and drawn by the architect and painter Slava Dzhanaïty, and has become the most common symbol of the faith, "seen everywhere throughout North and South Ossetia on t-shirts, ...

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Which Christians are Russians? ›

Russian Orthodoxy

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Is it illegal to practice Christianity in Russia? ›

Russian law technically recognizes Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Buddhism as the four “traditional” religions. But, only the Russian Orthodox Church is elevated to the role of representing the ideals and faith of Russia, passed down across untold generations .

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Does Russia recognize Ossetia? ›

On 26 August 2008, Russia became the first UN member state to recognize South Ossetia. Russia plans on building an embassy in Tskhinval.

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How big is Ossetia? ›

It has an officially stated population of just over 56,500 people (2022), who live in an area of 3,900 square kilometres (1,500 sq mi), with 33,000 living in the capital city, Tskhinvali. As of 2023, only Russia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Nauru, and Syria recognise South Ossetia as a sovereign state.

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What countries recognize Ossetia? ›

Most countries recognise them as part of Georgia, while Russia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Nauru, and Syria regard them as independent. Russia's initial recognition of the independence of Abkhazia and South Ossetia occurred in the aftermath of the Russo-Georgian War in 2008.

Read On ›

How do you greet Russia? ›

People give the appropriate formal greeting depending on what time of day it is: “Dobroe utro” (Good morning), “Dobriy den” (Good afternoon) or “Dobriy vecher” (Good evening). A more casual greeting is “Privet” (Hi).

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Where do Ossetian people live? ›

The Ossetian people are an ethnic group living in the Caucasus Mountains of Russia and Georgia. They live in two separate republics, North Ossetia-Alania, which is part of Russia, and South Ossetia, which is part of Georgia.

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Who speaks Ossetian? ›

Assyrian / Neo-Assyrian is spoken by some 3 million people in parts of Iran, Iraq, Turkey and Syria, and among the Assyrian diaspora mainly in the USA and Europe. Assyrian is also known as Assyrian Neo-Aramaic.

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What is the easiest Slavic language to learn? ›

If you're looking for the easiest Slavic language to learn, we would suggest Bulgarian with the lack of grammatical cases.

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Are you Slavic if you are Russian? ›

Customarily, Slavs are subdivided into East Slavs (chiefly Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians), West Slavs (chiefly Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, and Wends, or Sorbs), and South Slavs (chiefly Serbs, Croats, Bosnians, Slovenes, Macedonians, and Montenegrins).

See Details ›

Are Polish people Slavic? ›

Poles, or Polish people, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe.

What is Ossetian dance? ›

The Simd (Ossetian: Симд), is an Ossetian folk group dance. Time signature 4/4, 2/4. The beauty of Simd is in the strict graphic outline of the dance, the contrast between black and white costumes, the softness of movements, the strictness of line formations, and the harmony created by all of the above.

Get More Info Here ›

Why did Russia invade Ossetia? ›

After Georgia deported four suspected Russian spies in 2006, Russia began a full-scale diplomatic and economic war against Georgia, followed by the persecution of ethnic Georgians living in Russia. By 2008, most residents of South Ossetia had obtained Russian passports.

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Is South Ossetia safe? ›

South Ossetia and Abkhazia – Do Not Travel

Violent attacks and criminal incidents occur in the region. Landmines pose a danger to travelers near the boundary lines of both territories.

Where are most Muslims in Russia? ›

Areas in Russia where Islam is the largest religion. Islam makes up the majority in: Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Dagestan, Chechnya, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia.

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What is the religion of Ossetia? ›

While the majority of Ossetians are Christian, according to official estimates, 15-30 percent of the population is Muslim. The Ossetian capital of Vladikavkaz houses the central mosque, built in the beginning of the 20th century.

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Can Americans visit South Ossetia? ›

South Ossetia may only be entered through Russia. All visitors, except for citizens of exempt countries, must be invited by a party in South Ossetia (a private citizen or a South Ossetian organization, such as a government department or business) prior to their arrival.

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Does Georgia support Russia? ›

However, Georgia refused to join international sanctions against Russia. Therefore, despite otherwise hostile relations, Russia has not put Georgia on its Unfriendly Countries List.

Learn More Now ›

What is Alania? ›

Alania was a medieval kingdom of the Iranian Alans (proto-Ossetians) that flourished in the Northern Caucasus, roughly in the location of latter-day Circassia, Chechnya, Ingushetia, and modern North Ossetia–Alania, from its independence from the Khazars in the late 9th century until its destruction by the Mongol ...

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Are there Russian soldiers in Georgia? ›

However, there is the heavy Russian military and FSB border guard presence along the Abkhaz-Georgia proper administrative boundary line (ABL) in the Gali district.

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Are you Iranian if you are Persian? ›

As the region of Iran was once called Persia, 'Iranian' is often assumed to be synonymous with 'Persian'. The two can usually be used interchangeably. However, “Persian” specifically refers to the particular Persian ethnicity or Farsi language within Iran.

Read The Full Story ›

What are Iranians mixed with? ›

People of Iran

But the people who are generally known as Persians are of mixed ancestry, and the country has important Turkic and Arab elements in addition to the Kurds, Baloch, Bakhtyārī, Lurs, and other smaller minorities (Armenians, Assyrians, Jews, Brahuis, and others).

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Which countries do Iranians like the most? ›

Iraq hosted the biggest portion of Iranian outbound passengers [ones taken part in mass pilgrimage of Arbaeen], followed by Turkey, the UAE, Georgia, Germany, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia as the most popular destinations, according to data provided by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization.

Learning the Ossetian language on your own for beginners. Ossetian is easier to learn than Russian17.02.2017 (2023)

You will need

Instruction

You will need

Instruction

Short possessive pronouns

Plural

About relatives

About mismatch of kinship terms

FAQs

What language is spoken in Ossetia? ›

How old is Ossetia? ›

What is the three tears of God? ›

Are you Slavic if you are Russian? ›

Where are most Muslims in Russia? ›

References